Recognition of Anterior Peritoneal Reflections and Their Relationship With Rectal Tumors Using Rectal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Our goal was to explore the factors influencing the visualization of anterior peritoneal reflections (APRs) using rectal MRI. We evaluated the usefulness of rectal MRI in measuring the distance from the anal verge to the APR and determining the relationship between the APR and the rectal tumor.Clinical and imaging data from 319 patients who underwent surgery after MRI examination between October 2010 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The distance from the anal verge to the APR and the relationship between the APR and the location of the rectal tumor was evaluated. analysis of variance, logistic regression, independent samples t tests, and Kappa tests were used for statistical analysis.The APR was visible in 283 of 319 cases using rectal MRI. The APR was more readily observed in patients who were older than 58 years (P = 0.046), in patients whose subcutaneous fat thicknesses were >22.2 mm (P = 0.004), in patients with nondistended bladders (P = 0.001), and in those with an anteversion of the uterus (P = 0.001). There was a significant difference between the distance from the anal verge to the APR between females (10.4 ± 1.1 cm) and males (10.0 ± 1.2 cm; P = 0.014). The accuracy in predicting tumor location with respect to the APR was 70%, 50%, 98.2%, respectively for patients with tumors located above, at, and below the APR (compared with the location determined during surgery).Most of the APRs were visible using rectal MRI, whereas certain internal factors influence visualization. Rectal MRI could be a useful tool for evaluating the distance from the anal verge to the APR and relationship between rectal tumors and the APR.     

依据药物敏感试验根除幽门螺杆菌的临床疗效随访

目的:在幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染的患者中,根据药物敏感试验选择治疗方案与常规一线治疗方案进行临床疗效优劣的随访.方法:在浙江省嘉兴市第一医院内镜室行胃镜检查的患者中,胃镜检查时取材标本2块,分别送检常规组织病理学检查及组织切片染色检测及H.pylori的分离、培养、鉴定:其中H.pylori培养结果阳性的纳入治疗组,仅组织切片染色检测H.pylori阳性纳入对照组.治疗组根据药敏试验结果治疗10 d,对照组根据标准一线治疗方案治疗10d.治疗结束4 wk后的患者进行复查,任选一种复查方式(H.pylori培养或组织切片染色或14C呼气试验),三项之一阴性者可判断H.pylori根除.结果:H.pylori培养结果阳性的纳入治疗组(n=4680),仅组织切片染色检测H.pylori阳性纳入对照组(n=3505).治疗组根据药敏试验结果选用2种敏感度最高值抗生素参与的四联疗法治疗,对照组选用常规四联疗法,治疗结束4 wk后复查评估根除率.最终,治疗组的根除率为91.18%,比对照组根除率73.07%高,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05).结论:依据H.pylori的药物敏感试验选择的治疗方案明显优于标准一线治疗方案.     

Diagnostic value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,cystatin C,and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury

IntroductionNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C (Cys-C), and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) are novel diagnostic biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to determine the diagnostic properties of these biomarkers for detecting AKI in critically ill patients with sepsis.MethodsWe divided 112 patients with sepsis into non-AKI sepsis (n = 57) and AKI sepsis (n = 55) groups. Plasma and urine specimens were collected on admission and every 24 hours until 72 hours and tested for NGAL, Cys-C, and TREM-1 concentrations. Their levels were compared on admission, at diagnosis, and 24 hours before diagnosis.ResultsBoth plasma and urine NGAL, Cys-C, and sTREM-1 were significantly associated with AKI development in patients with sepsis, even after adjustment for confounders by using generalized estimating equations. Compared with the non-AKI sepsis group, the sepsis AKI group exhibited markedly higher levels of these biomarkers at diagnosis and 24 hours before AKI diagnosis (P <0.01). The diagnostic and predictive values of plasma and urine NGAL were good, and those of plasma and urine Cys-C and sTREM-1 were fair.ConclusionPlasma and urine NGAL, Cys-C, and sTREM-1 can be used as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for AKI in critically ill patients with sepsis.     

高频超声和多普勒超声在腹外疝诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨高频超声和多普勒超声在腹外疝诊断中的应用价值。 方法选取2018年9月至2019年9月琼海市人民医院超声科收治疑似腹外疝患者144例。根据患者使用的超声检查设备不同，将患者分为高频超声和多普勒超声组。以手术病理诊断为金标准，与超声诊断结果进行对比，评估高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测与联合检测的阳性检出率、准确率、灵敏度及特异度。 结果高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的漏诊率低于高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测，高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的误诊率低于高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测，高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的准确诊断率为高于高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的灵敏度与特异度分别为98.92%、98.04%，高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测的灵敏度与特异度分别为87.10%、90.20%与82.80%、84.31%，高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的漏诊率与误诊率均为0.01%。 结论高频超声与多普勒超声对腹外疝有较高的诊断率，两者联合诊断的诊断率、灵敏度与特异度显著高于单项诊断，对腹外疝分类提高准确诊断信息，可为腹外疝临床方案制定及干预治疗提供依据。